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Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport (CSIA) , formerly Sahar International Airport, is the primary international airport serving the Mumbai Metropolitan Area, India. It is the second busiest airport in the country in terms of passenger traffic and international traffic after Delhi, and was the 47th busiest airport in the world by passenger traffic in 2014 according to Airports Council International. The airport is still the busiest in the country in terms of cargo traffic.〔"(Top Fifty Airport Comparisons )." ''Worldwide Airport Traffic Report – Calendar Year 2013''. Airports Council International (10 April 2014)〕 The airport has five operating terminals spread over an operational area of 〔http://ch2m.com/corporate/services/program-management/assets/ProjectPortfolio/CH2M-HILL-Mumbai-Airport.pdf〕 and handles more than 780 aircraft movements per day. It handled a record 51 movements in one hour on 16 September 2014. In 2011, it was ranked the third-best in the world in the 25–40 million passengers category by Airports Council International. It is one of the two airports in India to have implemented Airport Collaborative Decision Making (A-CDM) to ensure timely takeoffs and landings. The airport is named after the 17th-century Maratha emperor, Chhatrapati Shivaji and its IATA airport code – "BOM" – is derived from Bombay, Mumbai's former name. It is situated across the suburbs of Santacruz, Vile Parle and Sahar village in Andheri with the PIN code 400099.〔 Note: Enter 400099 in the search box.〕 Mumbai International Airport Limited, a consortium of GVK Industries Ltd, Airports Company South Africa and Bidvest,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bidvest.co.za )〕 was appointed to carry out the modernisation of Mumbai Airport in February 2006. This project was to be completed by end of 2013, but this was delayed to February 2014.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Mumbai airport modernization likely to be delayed to 2014 )〕 The new integrated terminal T2 was inaugurated on 10 January 2014 and opened for international operations on 12 February 2014. A dedicated six lane, elevated road connecting the new terminal with the main arterial Western Express Highway〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=GVK CSIA Project )〕 was also opened to the public the same day. ==History== The Juhu Aerodrome functioned as Mumbai's sole airport until 1942. Due to operational constraints imposed by its low-level location and proximity to the Arabian Sea coastline making it vulnerable during the monsoon season, a move further inland became necessary. RAF Santacruz was set up in 1942. It was a bigger airfield than Juhu and was home to several RAF squadrons during World War II from 1942 to 1947. The Airport covered an area of about and initially had three runways. The apron existed on the south side of runway 09/27, and the area, referred to today as the "Old Airport", houses, among others, maintenance hangars of Air India, Air Works India and MIAL's General Aviation Terminal. By 1946, when the RAF began the process of handing over the airfield to the Director General of Civil Aviation for Civil operations, two old abandoned hangars of the Royal Air Force had been converted into a terminal for passenger traffic. One hangar was used as a domestic terminal and the other for international traffic. It had counters for customs and immigration checks on either side and a lounge in the centre. Air India handled its passengers in its own terminal adjoining the two hangars.〔 In its first year, it handled six civilian services a day. Traffic at the airport increased after Karachi was partitioned to Pakistan and as many as 40 daily domestic and foreign services operated by 1949, prompting the Indian Government to develop the airport, equipping the airport with a night landing system comprising a Radio range and a modernised flare path lighting system Construction of a new passenger terminal and apron began in 1950 and was commissioned in 1958.〔 Named after the neighbourhood in which it stood and initially under the aegis of the Public Works Department, the new airport was subsequently run by the Ministry of Civil Aviation. After a major fire gutted the Santacruz terminal in 1979, a temporary departure extension or "Gulf Terminal" became functional in October that year. With the dawning of the Jumbo Jet era in the 1970s, Santacruz, despite several extensions, began suffering from insufficient operational capacity. The Tata committee, set up in 1967 to examine the issues concerning the airport, had recommended the construction of a new international terminal to meet the requirements of traffic in the seventies. The Santa Cruz terminal was to be used for domestic traffic alone. The International Airport Authority of India (IAAI), which was set up in 1972, started planning the construction of a new terminal building for handling international passenger traffic, to be completed by 1981. Accordingly, construction of the new International terminal at Sahar to the north-east of Santacruz in Andheri was taken up at an estimated cost of 110 million. AAI had been considering the modernisation of Mumbai airport in 1996 although the AAI board approved a modernisation proposal only in 2003. By then, Mumbai and Delhi airports were handling 38% of the country's aircraft movement and generating one third of all revenues earned by AAI. At that time, Mumbai airport handled 13.3 million passengers, 60% of which were domestic travellers. The airport faced severe congestion for both aircraft and passengers as it was handling twice as many aircraft movements per day than it was originally designed for. The bidding process for its modernisation eventually began in May 2004 with the decision by the Empowered Group of Ministers (EGoM) was announced in January 2006. The GVK led consortium won the bid to manage and operate CSIA. To accomplish this task, Mumbai International Airport Private Limited (MIAL), a Joint Venture between the consortium (74%) and the Airports Authority of India (26%) was formed.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=GVK website, CSIA )〕 Since then, MIAL has made several improvements in the aesthetics, design and passenger conveniences at CSIA. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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